TRANSLATE GAME
SKIP INTRO
Translate the highlighted words as you listen to the song
It's
a
good
day
to be
a
pirate
Amaro
and
his
four
mateys
Bart
Charlotte
Daniel
and
Eliza
Have
struck gold
A
chest
with
100
coins
But
now
they
must
divvy up
the
booty
According to
the
pirate
code
As
captain
Amaro
gets to
propose
How to
distribute
the
coins
Then
each
pirate
including
Amaro himself
Gets to
vote
either yarr or nay
If
the
vote
passes
or
if
there's a tie
The
coins
are
divided
according to
plan
But
if
the
majority
votes nay
Amaro
must
walk the plank
And
Bart
becomes
captain
Then
Bart
gets to
propose
a
new
distribution
And
all
remaining
pirates
vote
again
If
his
plan
is
rejected
he
walks the plank
too
And
Charlotte
takes his place
This
process
repeats
With
the
captain's
hat
moving
to
Daniel
and then
Eliza
Until
either
a
proposal
is accepted
Or
there's
only
one
pirate
left
Naturally
each
pirate
wants
to
stay alive
While
getting
as much
gold
as possible
But
being
pirates
none of them
trust
each other
So
they
can't
collaborate
in advance
And
being
blood-thirsty
pirates
If
anyone
thinks
they'll
end up with
the
same
amount
of
gold
either way
They'll
vote
to
make
the
captain
walk the plank
just for fun
Finally
each
pirate
is
excellent at
logical
deduction
And
knows
that
the others
are
too
What
distribution
should
Amaro
propose
to
make sure
he
lives?
If
we
follow
our
intuition
It seems like
Amaro
should
try
to
bribe
the
other
pirates
With
most of the
gold
To increase
the
chances
of
his
plan
being accepted
But
it turns out
he
can
do
much
better
than
that
Why?
Like
we
said
the
pirates
all
know each other
to be
top-notch
logicians
So
when
each
votes
They
won't
just
be thinking about
the
current
proposal
But
about
all
possible
outcomes
down the line
And
because
the
rank order
is
known
in advance
Each
can
accurately
predict
How
the others
would vote
in
any
situation
And
adjust
their
own
votes
accordingly
Because
Eliza's
last
she
has
the
most
outcomes
to consider
So
let's start
by
following
her
thought process
She'd
reason this out
by
working backwards
From
the
last
possible
scenario
With
only
her
and
Daniel
remaining
Daniel
would
obviously
propose
to keep
all
the
gold
And
Eliza's
one
vote
would not be
enough
to
override
him
So
Eliza
wants
to
avoid
this
situation
at all costs
Now
we
move to
the
previous
decision point
With
three
pirates left
and
Charlotte
making
the
proposal
Everyone
knows
that
if
she's
outvoted
The
decision
moves
to
Daniel
Who
will
then
get
all
the
gold
while
Eliza
gets nothing
So
to
secure
Eliza's
vote
Charlotte
only
needs to
offer
her
slightly
more than
nothing
one
coin
Since
this
ensures
her
support
Charlotte
doesn't need to
offer
Daniel
anything
at all
What if
there are
four
pirates?
As
captain
Bart
would
still
only
need
one
other
vote
for
his
plan
to pass
He
knows
that
Daniel
wouldn't
want
the
decision
to pass
to
Charlotte
So
he
would offer
Daniel
one
coin
for
his
support
With
nothing
for
Charlotte
or
Eliza
Now
we're back
at
the
initial
vote
with
all
five
pirates
standing
Having considered
all
the
other
scenarios
Amaro
knows
that
if
he
goes overboard
The
decision
comes down to
Bart
Which
would be
bad news
for
Charlotte
and
Eliza
So
he
offers
them
one coin each
keeping
98
for himself
Bart
and
Daniel
vote
nay
But
Charlotte
and
Eliza
grudgingly
vote
yarr
Knowing
that
the
alternative
would be
worse
for
them
The
pirate
game
involves
some
interesting
concepts
from
game theory
One
is
the
concept
of
common knowledge
Where
each
person
is
aware of
what
the others
know
And
uses
this
to predict
their
reasoning
And
the
final
distribution
is
an
example
of
a
Nash equilibrium
Where
each
player
knows
every other
players'
strategy
And
chooses
theirs
accordingly
Even though
it
may
lead to
a
worse
outcome
for
everyone
Than
cooperating
would
No
individual
player
can
benefit
by
changing
their
strategy
So
it
looks like
Amaro
gets to keep
most of the
gold
And
the
other
pirates
might
need to
find
better
ways
To
use
those
impressive
logic skills
Like
revising
this
absurd
pirate
code