TRANSLATE GAME
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Translate the highlighted words as you listen to the song
In
1905
psychologists
Alfred
Binet
and
Théodore
Simon
Designed
a
test
for
children
who
were
struggling
In
school
in
France
Designed
to
determine
which
children
required
Individualized
attention
Their
method
formed
the
basis
of
the
IQ
test
Beginning
in
the
late
19th
century
Researchers
hypothesized
that
cognitive
abilities
Like
verbal
reasoning
Working
memory
and
visual-spatial
skills
Reflected
an
underlying
general
intelligence
or
g
factor
Simon
and
Binet
designed
a
battery
of
tests
To
measure
each
of
these
abilities
And
combine
the
results
into
a
single
score
Questions
were
adjusted
for
each
age
group
And
a
child's
score
reflected
how
they
performed
Relative
to
others
their
age
Dividing
someone's
score
by
their
age
And
multiplying
the
result
by
100
Yielded
the
intelligence
quotient
or
IQ
Today
a
score
of
100
represents
the
average
of
a
sample
population
With
68%
of
the
population
scoring
within
15
points
of
100
Simon
and
Binet
thought
the
skills
their
test
assessed
Would
reflect
general
intelligence
But
both
then
and
now
There's
no
single
agreed
upon
definition
of
general
intelligence
And
that
left
the
door
open
for
people
to
use
the
test
In
service
of
their
own
preconceived
assumptions
about
intelligence
What
started
as
a
way
to
identify
those
who
needed
academic
help
Quickly
became
used
to
sort
people
in
other
ways
Often
in
service
of
deeply
flawed
ideologies
One
of
the
first
large-scale
implementations
Occurred
in
the
United
States
during
WWI
When
the
military
used
an
IQ
test
To
sort
recruits
and
screen
them
for
officer
training
At
that
time
many
people
believed
in
eugenics
The
idea
that
desirable
and
undesirable
genetic
traits
Could
and
should
be
controlled
in
humans
through
selective
breeding
There
were
many
problems
with
this
line
of
thinking
Among
them
the
idea
that
intelligence
was
not
only
fixed
And
inherited
But
also
linked
to
a
person's
race
Under
the
influence
of
eugenics
Scientists
used
the
results
of
the
military
initiative
To
make
erroneous
claims
that
certain
racial
groups
Were
intellectually
superior
to
others
Without
taking
into
account
that
many
of
the
recruits
tested
Were
new
immigrants
to
the
United
States
Who
lacked
formal
education
or
English
language
exposure
They
created
an
erroneous
intelligence
hierarchy
of
ethnic
groups
The
intersection
of
eugenics
and
IQ
testing
Influenced
not
only
science
But
policy
as
well
In
1924
the
state
of
Virginia
created
policy
Allowing
for
the
forced
sterilization
of
people
with
low
IQ
scores—
A
decision
the
United
States
Supreme
Court
upheld
In
Nazi
Germany,
the
government
authorized
the
murder
of
children
Based
on
low
IQ
Following
the
Holocaust
and
the
Civil
Rights
Movement
The
discriminatory
uses
of
IQ
tests
Were
challenged
on
both
moral
and
scientific
grounds
Scientists
began
to
gather
evidence
of
environmental
impacts
on
IQ
For
example
as
IQ
tests
were
periodically
recalibrated
Over
the
20th
century
New
generations
scored
consistently
higher
on
old
tests
Than
each
previous
generation
This
phenomenon
known
as
the
Flynn
Effect
Happened
much
too
fast
to
be
caused
By
inherited
evolutionary
traits
Instead
the
cause
was
likely
environmental—
Improved
education
better
healthcare
and
better
nutrition
In
the
mid-twentieth
century
Psychologists
also
attempted
to
use
IQ
tests
To
evaluate
things
other
than
general
intelligence
Particularly
schizophrenia
depression
And
other
psychiatric
conditions
These
diagnoses
relied
in
part
on
the
clinical
Judgment
of
the
evaluators
And
used
a
subset
of
the
tests
used
to
determine
IQ—
A
practice
later
research
found
does
not
yield
Clinically
useful
information
Today
IQ
tests
employ
many
similar
design
elements
And
types
of
questions
As
the
early
tests
Though
we
have
better
techniques
for
identifying
potential
bias
In
the
test
They're
no
longer
used
to
diagnose
psychiatric
conditions
But
a
similarly
problematic
practice
using
subtest
scores
Is
still
sometimes
used
to
diagnose
learning
disabilities
Against
the
advice
of
many
experts
Psychologists
around
the
world
still
use
IQ
tests
To
identify
intellectual
disability
And
the
results
can
be
used
to
determine
Appropriate
educational
support
job
training
and
assisted
living
IQ
test
results
have been
used
to
justify
horrific
policies
And
scientifically
baseless
ideologies
That
doesn't
mean
the
test
itself
is
worthless—
In
fact
it
does
a
good
job
of
measuring
The
reasoning
and
problem-solving
skills
It
sets
out
to
But
that
isn't
the
same
thing
as
measuring
a
person's
potential
Though
there
are
many
complicated
political
historical
scientific
And
cultural
issues
wrapped
up
in
IQ
testing
More
and
more
researchers
agree
on
this
point
And
reject
the
notion
that
individuals
can
be
categorized
By
a
single
numerical
score